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Chemical Information: Molecular Formula: CHNOCu Molecular Weight: 401.93 g/mol CAS Number: 49557-75-7 Product Care: Store in a cool, dry place away from light

PMCID: PMC6464592.

Gene Expression Effects A landmark study by Pickart and Margolina found that GHK-Cu influences a remarkably broad set of genes upregulating genes associated with collagen production, angiogenesis, and skin repair while downregulating genes associated with inflammation and tissue degradation (including certain matrix metalloproteinases that, when overexpressed, can break down existing collagen)

Functioning as a potent exercise mimetic, this small-molecule compound enhances mitochondrial function, fatty acid oxidation, and oxidative muscle fiber composition, thereby improving exercise endurance, cardiac metabolic efficiency, and systemic energy expenditure without increasing food intake 1-4